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Scientists believe the disease occurs when the layer is damaged lining the inside of the artery (the Endothelium). It is believed that high blood pressure, elevated cholesterol and triglycerides, and smoking are the factors that contribute to plaque formation.

What are the symptoms?

A person can suffer from atherosclerosis for many years without symptoms. This slow process of the disease may begin in childhood. In some people the disease can cause symptoms between 30 and 40 years of age, while others have no symptoms until after 50 or 60 years. But with increasing the degree of obstruction, reduced blood flow to the heart can start to cause what is called angina pectoris, a term that comes from Latin and means “strangling in the chest.” Patients with angina often report feeling a choking sensation, or burning feeling in the chest. The pain usually occurs when the heart needs more blood supply, such as during exercise or times of emotional stress.

Angina usually begins in the center of the chest but may extend to the arm, neck or jaw. Some people say they feel a numbness or loss of sensation in the arms, shoulders or wrists. An episode usually lasts only a few minutes and goes away with rest. Some patients with CAD may not suffer from angina. Sometimes the poor oxygen supply to the heart (called ischemia) does not cause any pain. This is called silent ischemia.

Coronari arteries coronary artery disease (CAD) affects almost 13 million Americans, making it the most common type of cardiovascular disease. The CAD and its complications such as arrhythmia, angina and heart attack are the main causes of death in the United States. The most common cause of CAD is a condition called atherosclerosis, which occurs when a waxy substance forms inside the arteries that supply the heart. This substance, called plaque, is made of cholesterol, fatty compounds, calcium and a clotting material called fibrin. Have identified two types of plaque: hard plaque and soft plaque.

Most people have heard of the hard plaque and knows it can cause a heart attack. If hard plaque builds up in arteries supplying the heart, blood flow slows or stops. This decreases the amount of oxygen reaching the heart, which can cause a heart attack.

But it has been determined that although some heart attacks are caused by hard plaque, most of them are caused by the soft plaque or vulnerable plaque. The vulnerable plaque is an inflamed section of an artery that can rupture. This may lead to the formation of a blood clot that can cause a heart attack.

Certain aspects in the life of a person we can ‘warn’ the possibility of uterine cancer. These factors are:

• If you have close relatives (sister, mother, grandmother) with the same type of tumor, increase their risk. The greater the number of relatives with a cancer of this type the greater the risk. Cancers of the breast or colon cancer in family or self, are also related to the occurrence of ovarian cancer.
• The older women are more likely to develop ovarian cancer. The highest rates of cancers of this type is found in patients over 50, reaching the maximum.
• Also women who have never had children are more likely to develop ovarian cancer, in fact, is inverse relationship between the number of children and ovarian cancer.
• The fertility drugs and hormone replacement therapy is applied to control symptoms of menopause, are also risk factors, although less so than before. It is currently being carried out several studies have confirmed this hypothesis for what is increasingly used with more care to these medications.
• Is vital to maintain healthy eating: There are no studies that speak of the excess fat as a factor that increases the risk of uterine cancer and it is known that vitamin A helps prevent cervical cancer

Women who receive radiation should see their doctor every 3 to 4 months for 2 or 3 years to ensure that treatment is working. After this period, should see their doctors twice a year. It is possible that women who receive radiation can go to the doctor less often. If the disease is in Phase I, 85-90% of women have no evidence of cancer 5 years or more after treatment. Decreases the likelihood of cure when the disease is more advanced (in a higher stage).

Smoking and sexual relations before age 18 and switch many different sexual partners also favors the appearance of these tumors. If the man has had relations with a woman suffering from cervical cancer increases the risk because they are more likely to have been infected with a virus.

For cervical cancer, older age, having suffered hiperplapsia endometrial (uncontrolled growth of endometrial cells), hormone replacement therapy during menopause or previous colorectal cancer are also risk factors. Moreover, the results of the latest studies say that obese women are at greater risk and the white are more likely than African origin.

A study by British and French researchers has concluded that the use of the pill as a contraceptive may promote the development of cervical cancer. And it is that this drug does not prevent infection during sexual intercourse, from viruses such as human papilloma virus, or bacteria such as chlamydia, whose infection can lead to cancer.

This risk increases with the length of time that has consumed the pill. Feminists who have used oral contraceptives for less than five years have a 10% greater chance of having a tumor of the cervix, while those who have used five to nine years, the percentage may reach 60%.

Getting the vaccine to immunize against human papilloma virus before starting a sexual activity could also seems to prevent or at least reduce the chances of contracting cervical cancer, according to recent studies.

Diagnosis

There are no screening tests for endometrial cancer in women with no symptoms. However, most women with endometrial cancer have symptoms when the cancer is in its early stages. There are several methods used to detect the presence of endometrial cancer.

• Endometrial biopsy: A test in which it is extracted and examined under a microscope a small amount of tissue from the lining of the uterus. This test is usually the first step to detect the presence of abnormal cells.
• Transvaginal Ultrasound: A test that uses sound waves to examine the thickness of the lining of the uterus and the size of this body.
• Hysteroscopy: A surgical procedure where you use a thin instrument that transmits a light to see inside the uterus or surgeries.
• Dilation and curettage: A procedure that opens the cervix to gently scrape or vacuum inside the uterus.

For many women, the Pap test may be integrated with regular medical examination, however, this test does not always detect endometrial cancer. In fact, the results of the Pap smear for most women with endometrial cancer are normal. Endometrial cancer can be diagnosed only by examination of tissue from the uterus.

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic cancer in the United States. Approximately 2 to 3 women in 100 will have endometrial cancer during their lifetime.

Endometrial cancer is rare in women under 40 years. The incidence of this cancer is higher in women around age 60. Some women are more likely than others (see box). Certain risk factors may be related to estrogen use. Estrogen is a hormone produced in the ovaries of women. You can manage it after menopause when women’s ovaries stop producing estrogen (hormone therapy). If taken alone, estrogen increases the risk of endometrial cancer if the woman still has a uterus. When estrogen is given along with another hormone, progesterone, women are protected against this risk.

Other names: Uterine Cancer

The uterus is a major female reproductive organ. It’s where a baby grows during pregnancy. There are many types of uterine cancer. The most common type begins in the Endometrium, the lining of the uterus. This cancer is sometimes called endometrial cancer.

Uterine cancer symptoms include:

* Vaginal bleeding or unusual
* Difficulty urinating
* Pelvic pain
* Pain during sex

Uterine cancer usually occurs after menopause. Obesity and hormone replacement with estrogen also increases the risk. Treatment varies depending on your general health, cancer progression and whether hormones affect growth. Treatment is usually a hysterectomy, a surgery to remove the uterus. Other options include hormone therapy and radiotherapy.